My brothers and I came back after 3 years of inactivity.

Surprisingly, I found that all my gear was right where I left it.
Buried under cob webs and solidified wolver poop.
I'm still a 4 star knight with 3 star gear...hmm... The gear is practically ancient. But it still works. Gotta love spiral tech.
I left during the time when Energy was required to craft everything. I was a grindy player with no allowance to buy energy.
So the intimidating prices and lengthy requirements to get my gear to the next level slowly drove me away emotionally.
And then my brothers and I came back for some reason.
Not sure why, he just decided to bring out spiral knights again and drag me in it.
So...that said...What has changed since that time?

Well there's new armor lines for gunners
Many "new" guns (basically old guns with new damage types and status)
Tweaks to old guns
Free elevators
Sprites (AKA pets, you should check your earlier missions since they added some new ones near the beginning for sprites)
Forge (You now need items called fire crystals to heat your gear so you can't get multiple level ups just by finishing a floor)
Orbs (You don't need energy to craft things now you need orbs, granted you can buy enough to alchemize something for the same price as what was needed in the old days but at least now you can find them)
New mini monsters and compound levels where they spawn
New vanguard missions
Souls now spawn in certain missions regardless of party size
Grave Scarab monsters for Halloween event
Kat event with helmets and armors (all a pain to get)
Tortodrone event (decent event rewards for having to fight blatantly overpowered monsters)
Dozens of new costumes (mostly recolors)
Redesigned "Save winterfest" levels

You should probably quit now since leveling up to vanguard is one monstrous grind, even worse than when you left off.
Just a note:
It now takes radiant fire crystal to heat up your 5* gears, you get about 15 of them on average per T3 clockwork run, and you will be needing 400 of them to reach lvl 10.

a good way to go about it is to only use the 100% option, it costs too much to risk failure
it takes 453 radiants to fully heat one 5* piece
dreams and nightmares (a mission) has the highest average radiant payout in game, about 20 runs will get you enough to heat an item

a good way to go about it is to only use the 100% option, it costs too much to risk failure
If you go with medium chances, then your expected cost is about 420 Radiants per item. Sometimes it will cost more, and sometimes it will cost less, but that's what it will cost on average. So, rationally, it makes sense to use medium chances, not 100% chances.
(This calculation ignores the chances of forge bonuses such as double level-ups. The effect of fire crystals on those bonuses is not well understood. It's possible that using more Radiants raises those chances.)
Many players ignore this advice, apparently because having to repeat a forging is just too emotionally disappointing.

"You should probably quit now since leveling up to vanguard is one monstrous grind, even worse than when you left off"
Heating up an item when you are already a vanguard is a bigger grind. Getting to Vanguard is easier. You can buy orbs from the supply depot for the same amount of energy that it took to craft an item with energy before and you can find orbs in the clockworks as well.

-Check out the rank mission "A New Threat" as well as Spark and Roar.
-Adventuring is free, but that comes with crown inflation for CE prices.
-The developer team has dwindled. Sadly you don't see them much on the forums or ingame unless you call on them to help with an issue. Probably a privacy policy thing.
-Steady flow of promotional boxes. For the love of Vog don't check the steam comments on those.
-Five new Vanguard missions. They answer some long-standing questions while raising a plethora of new ones.
-Orb barriers for melee combatants. Fire, Ice, Poison, and Shock.
-Turret kits, Recon Ranger summoners, and rocket beacon pickups were added
-Shroud of the Apocrea event, in which three new event weapons were introduced. Shadow/Poison-dealing.
-March of the Tortodrones event, granting a Tortodrone themed handgun and shield.
-Dashing and Shield Bashing
bout all i can think of off the top of my head

For 5* gear your best bet for leveling is probably going medium chance all the way through 6 into 7. Level 6 to level 7 costs 32 crystals at medium. Level 7 to level 8 almost doubles the cost, jumping to 60 crystals. At that point you are better off just going to 100% chance and not risking the loss of all the work getting those crystals. That way would cost approximately 428 (assuming 30 crystal lost).
You could do medium through level 3 into level 4 and 100% from 4 through 10 and it would cost 443 (451 if you wish to count an 8 crystal loss).
Personally I'd go for the first option, as a loss of 30 crystals is not THAT bad. I would definitely not go medium chance all the way as losing 60 crystals on a single go would be... frustrating.
~Gwen

Losing 60 fire crystals on a single go would be... frustrating.
One time I lost around 600 fire crystals on a single level. Never do less than 100%. It just isn't worth it.

If the chances are as stated, then that will happen very rarely, and leveling at moderate chances most definitely is worth it.

3 Years? Dang
Ok so basically, OOO made some decisions that ruined some of the magic that the original game had. They introduced missions, which killed the Arcade (of course, someone still does Arcade, probably only Bopp or Fehzor) but for practical purposes, Arcade is useless. You cannot consistently find random parties to join. You pretty much are doing a solo game at this point, and have to make a significant effort to meet people.
No more major updates anymore, only accessories. Though people do still buy them for hundreds of real life $$$ to look pretty and spend all their time standing in front of the AH trying to get a snag to win some of dat sweet virtual currency to get the ladies.... *cough*getalife*cough*
The game used to be a solid 8/10, perhaps a 9. Now that the social aspect is essentially stripped, it is about a 5/10 or so. The story is too disjointed, and the gameplay itself gets old after about a month.
The reason for all this BS? They lost a lot of support for the game, are unable to communicate with players because Sega has them bound, and don't have the resources to improve. Two programmers on a game this huge is pretty much trying to paint a wall with a toothpick. I think they should've spent more time marketing, but at this point everything in retrospect looks good, so no point in speculating! They are doing what they can, which unfortunately isn't much.
TL;DR
You'd be joining a stagnant game. Not dead, just stagnant. You would be using stale fire crystals to upgrade stale armor in order to progress through stale missions. Once you reach the end, then all that is left is to play stale lockdown, or spend that stale energy and buy TF2 stuff or steam games.

Thanks for the heads up people.
My family and I definitely need to shake off the dust.
Things are so different now...guess I'll be here a while...

What a coincidence. I recently came back after being gone for about three years, too.
There is no gate fee anymore. Even apart from that, getting to five star gear is probably cheaper than it used to be. But heating that five star gear is now brutally expensive, whereas before it was basically free.
There are a variety of new mobs and some new gates. The end portion of compounds is obnoxious, or at least, I haven't yet figured out how to handle it. There are some new missions, too. Missions still aren't interesting, but they give the best loot, so people seem to loop them endlessly rather than playing the more interesting arcade.
Wish people would just play for fun anymore. It's all bout the gear now I guess

It's all bout the gear now I guess
As far as I can tell, since the game started, the only form of character progression that makes you stronger in the game is upgrading the gears.
Is that and I'm not saying I don't try and get the best gear. But people used to play with other people because it was fun not because they wanted to get something from that person in return.
I came back too, after 3 years. Deciding to have some nostalgia trip through the game. (Though, I'm only rank 5-3 when I left) And started with a new knight. Things changed. And I can't stay still and analyze what has changed or not because I'm just there for the hype. But after a few rounds, there's this one player who dragged me to form a team. After that, when I want to make my own party, there's no party to join to at the arcade. Seems logical, I thought. Since, back then, you automatically join a team with no hesitation. (And three years has passed before that trend.) I guess I'll be rooting for my friend (which the one who dragged me to join his team) to be online tomorrow to have fun for awhile.
A while ago I got back into the game and had no idea what to do or where to go. This has been quite helpful/

I'm pretty sure I saw Warpmonger in-game.
Surprised I would find him back at Haven and then on the forums.
We don't know exactly when you left. And we all have imperfect memories. Fortunately there is an essentially perfect record of everything that has happened, sorted by date:
http://wiki.spiralknights.com/Release/all
There have veen various small updates, but pay special attention to these two big updates:
* 2012-02-22. That update introduced missions. But maybe you left after that.
* 2013-07-30. That update completely changed the economy of Spiral Knights.
Welcome back.