I've just made it to 8-2 and so the option for 5 star gear is open to me. However, at the current energy exchange rate, Eternal Orbs of Alchemy are a little
Prohibitive
cost-wise
to my ability to actually make anything in a timely manner.
I've heard late game, Eternal Orbs are actually pretty easy to get, but is that just at Firestorm Citadel grind, which requires already having 5 star gear to get to, or is there another place I can go to farm them in a relatively timely manner?
Just play any tier 3. Arcade is fine. You can also just get invited to vana runs, but eh. And it's not that eternal orbs get easier to acquire later on, it's just that you spend enough time in tier 3 and don't constantly decide to craft new items so eventually the orbs just pile up if you continue playing. There's also danger missions, but you'll definitely need a carry for those. As a side note, the apocrea event is also quite decent for boxes, but it's also not easy, and you might struggle finding parties since you're not already a Champion/Vanguard.
That said, energy is extremely cheap by historical standards. Count yourself lucky that orbs are this cheap. You could've been paying 10 000cr for 100e if you decided to play a few years ago.