at least, in theory...because you will be too concerned in killing and dodgin that you would not have enough time to think in using the pill, unless you can do a lot of things at the same time, like looking to 4 parts of the palying area, while dodging, while attacking, while trying to actually hit the attacks, while looking to your health, while looking to how much time the status have, so you don't waste a pill, while actually moving your finger to the right button, rather then clickng the side one.

Well, now, seriously: yes, you cand drink pills while poisoned (blue pills, not red pokeballs). And, for better use, you can, for example, link the 1 and 2 keys to, let's say, Q and E, so you have better acess to those two, nad can put your health and stat recover itens in those two slots, so you would not have a problem in finding the iten button to actually use the right item.